By the Good Hope Enterprises team · Published 5 September 2026 · Updated 5 October 2026 · 8 min read
Umrah is a pilgrimage to Makkah that can be performed at any time of the year. It is made up of four main acts: entering the state of Ihram with intention at the Miqat, performing Tawaf around the Kaaba, performing Sa'i between Safa and Marwah, and finally shaving or trimming the hair. This guide explains each step in order so that a first-time pilgrim knows what to expect.
1. Ihram and the intention (niyyah)
Ihram is both a state of consecration and the simple, unstitched clothing that men wear for it; women wear modest ordinary clothing. Before entering Ihram, perform ghusl or wudu, put on your Ihram and make the intention for Umrah, then begin reciting the Talbiyah. Pilgrims flying from Kerala usually pass the Miqat in the air, so they put on Ihram before boarding or at the airport and make the intention when the crew announces the Miqat. Once in Ihram, avoid the actions that are prohibited, such as using perfume, cutting hair or nails, and arguing.
2. Tawaf around the Kaaba
On reaching the Haram, continue the Talbiyah until you see the Kaaba. Begin Tawaf at the Black Stone, keeping the Kaaba on your left, and complete seven circuits. Men uncover the right shoulder (idtiba) and walk briskly in the first three circuits (raml) for the Tawaf of arrival. After the seventh circuit, pray two rak'ahs behind the Maqam Ibrahim if the crowd allows, or anywhere in the Haram, and drink Zamzam water.
3. Sa'i between Safa and Marwah
Go to Mount Safa and begin Sa'i, walking to Marwah and back for a total of seven laps — Safa to Marwah counts as one, Marwah to Safa as the next, ending at Marwah. Men briskly walk between the green markers. The route is air-conditioned and has dedicated lanes, and wheelchairs are available for those who need them.
4. Halq or Taqsir
Complete Umrah by shaving the head (halq) or trimming the hair (taqsir). Men may do either, with shaving being the more rewarded; women trim a fingertip's length from the ends of their hair. After this, you leave the state of Ihram and the restrictions are lifted.
Practical tips for first-time pilgrims
Wear comfortable footwear that is easy to remove, carry a small bag for sandals, and stay hydrated. Choose quieter hours for Tawaf if you can, keep to your group and carry your hotel details and guide's number at all times. Older pilgrims should plan rest breaks and consider using the wheelchair service. Our Malayalam-speaking guides accompany first-time pilgrims through each rite and run a pre-departure orientation in Kerala.
This article is a general guide. For rulings specific to your situation, please consult a qualified scholar.